How Much Money Does The Us Spend On Mars Exploration
Your Guide to NASA's Budget
2023 (proposed)
$26 billion
NASA'due south budget is ready by an annual process that begins with a proposal from the White Firm and ends with legislation passed by Congress and signed by the President. The budget specifies funding amounts for programs and projects in human being spaceflight, space science, aeronautics, engineering development, and education.
NASA'south budget peaked during the Apollo programme in the 1960s. After the United states won the race to the Moon, space exploration lost political support and NASA'due south upkeep was cut significantly. Since the 1970s, NASA has hovered between i% and 0.5% of all U.S. government spending.
NASA'south almanac budget since its inception, adjusted for inflation using the NASA New Commencement Aggrandizement Alphabetize. The vertical axis displays NASA'due south total congressional appropriation in billions of dollars. The horizontal axis is financial years. Detailed data including outlays, alternate inflation indicies, non-inflation adapted numbers, and White House budget requests are available to view or to download as an Excel spreadsheet.
NASA's FY 2023 Budget
The Biden Administration proposed $26 billion for NASA in 2023 — an eight% increase over the amount provided by Congress the previous year. See how these increases would be spread throughout the space agency.
NASA Budget Breakdown
NASA is internally divided into major programme areas, each of which receives funding to manage its own projects. Funding varies year-to-yr, just generally about 50% of NASA's annual upkeep is spent on man spaceflight activities, xxx% on robotic missions and scientific research, with the remainder divide betwixt aeronautics, technology development programs, staff salaries, facilities direction, and other overhead.
None of NASA's upkeep is used for national defense or intelligence gathering programs; it is a noncombatant agency responsible for the peaceful exploration of space. National security space programs are the responsibleness of a scattering of other agencies, nigh notably the Space Force and the National Reconnaissance Office.
How NASA's Budget Is Fabricated
The White House provides a detailed budget proposal to Congress every February which kicks off an annual process known equally appropriations.
The proposal that begins this procedure is chosen the President'south Budget Request or PBR, which itself is the issue of year-long negotiations, first within NASA and and so between NASA and the White House'due south budget office. The President's Upkeep Asking includes a justification and caption for all of the space agency'due south activities. It tin can also comprise proposals to cancel projects or to begin new ones. The priorities reflected in the budget request reflect that of the President, and the document tin can only every bit easily be read every bit a political argument by the executive co-operative.
The President'due south Upkeep Request does not carry the strength of law and does not direct funding, though it does set the terms of the debate for funding legislation that is subsequently written past Congress.
NASA's Budget (part i) The President'southward Budget Request kicks off the yearly budget season in United States. It takes a year to put together, and Congress plays no part. Why is that?
Once the White Firm sends its budget proposal to Congress, key congressional committees in the Senate and the House of Representatives craft legislation to fund NASA. Through this procedure, Congress decides whether to accept or pass up proposals contained in the President'due south Budget Request and whether congressional funding levels for NASA's programs and initiatives will match, exceed, or fall short of the levels proposed by the President.
The legislation must be passed by Congress and signed past the President earlier the get-go of the financial twelvemonth on ane October. If not, NASA loses its authority to spend money and cannot accolade contractual obligations, provide paychecks, or otherwise function.
How NASA's Budget Is Made (function two) In one case the President's Upkeep Asking is finished, there are nevertheless several more steps before the budget is complete. Here we take you through the 2nd part of the budgeting process and explain why it'southward and so important to follow in order to help NASA get the virtually money information technology can every year.
Note: Lessons 3 - 5 of The Planetary Lodge's free online class, Space Advocacy 101, explore this topic at greater depth.
NASA'due south Upkeep, Compared
The majority of spending by the United states of america regime pays for social welfare programs and is not subject field to annual congressional approving. This spending is referred to equally "mandatory". Only about 30% of all U.S. government spending requires approval every year by Congress—a category of spending referred to as "discretionary". The Defense force Department and related activities account for roughly half of all discretionary spending. All other regime agencies and activities—including NASA—are funded from the remaining amount.
The United States government spent approximately $6.6 trillion in fiscal year 2020, of which but 0.3% ($22.6 billion) was provided to NASA. In this chart, shades of bluish represent mandatory spending programs; shades of orange are discretionary programs that crave annual appropriations by Congress. "Defense and related" includes both the Department of Defence and Veterans Affairs. Source: Office of Management and Budget Historical Tables 8.5 and 8.7.
Where NASA'south Budget Is Spent
NASA spends its money on World, not in space. NASA employs about 17,000 people and supports the employment of tens of thousands more through contracts and grants fabricated in every state of the marriage. Last twelvemonth NASA spent 73.v% of its full budget on contracts with nearly 5,000 businesses, nonprofit organizations, and educational institutions across the United States. NASA's major contractors—Boeing, Lockheed-Martin, SpaceX, and Orbital Sciences—are the biggest recipients of NASA funding, though they in turn work with many boosted supplies and businesses.
| State | Obligated Corporeality | Rank |
|---|---|---|
| California | $four,595 million | 1 |
| Alabama | $2,016 1000000 | two |
| Maryland | $ane,769 million | three |
| Texas | $1,404 meg | 4 |
| Florida | $1,327 one thousand thousand | five |
| Colorado | $1,210 1000000 | 6 |
| Virginia | $i,124 million | vii |
| Washington | $325 million | 8 |
| Mississippi | $307 million | nine |
| Arizona | $287 million | 10 |
The acme 10 states by NASA contracted spending obligations in FY 2021. See the total list, including prior fiscal years, in this Google Spreadsheet. Source: NASA Procurement Data View/Casey Dreier.
Benefits of NASA
Co-ordinate to a report by The Tauri Group, NASA provides broad social and economical benefits to the United States. In particular, NASA:
- Supports technology development and skilled manufacturing, creating positive ripples throughout the economy larger than other federal agencies on average.
- Spurs innovation and business growth.
- Advances space-related industries and has made contributions that directly bear on people every day: including the first conditions satellites, telecommunications, remote sensing, and GPS technologies.
- Promotes international collaboration and supports peaceful foreign policy.
- Inspires people around the world; it is i of the best "brands" of the United States.
- Motivates and inspires people to pursue science, technology, technology and mathematics (STEM) fields.
Empowering the world's citizens to advance space science and exploration.
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Source: https://www.planetary.org/space-policy/nasa-budget
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